Indications for Use

Celexa, also known as citalopram, is primarily prescribed for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It may also be used for other purposes not listed here, as determined by a healthcare professional.

Pharmacological Properties

Celexa is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain, which helps to improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression.

Dosage Information

The typical starting dose for Celexa in adults is 20 mg once daily. Depending on the patient’s response and tolerability, the dosage may be increased to a maximum of 40 mg per day. Dosage adjustments should be made at intervals of no less than one week.

Administration Details

Celexa tablets should be taken orally with or without food. It is important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain an even level of the drug in the body. Swallow the tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or split it.

Missed Dose Instructions

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is close to the time for the next dose. In such cases, skip the missed dose and proceed with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double up doses to make up for a missed one.

Potential Drug Interactions

Celexa may interact with other medications such as MAO inhibitors, other SSRIs, and certain antipsychotics. Combining Celexa with drugs that affect serotonin levels can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements currently being taken.

Common Side Effects

Patients might experience side effects including nausea, dry mouth, fatigue, and drowsiness. These effects are typically mild and often resolve as the body adjusts to the medication. Report persistent or worsening symptoms to a healthcare provider.

Serious Side Effects

Some individuals may experience serious side effects such as irregular heartbeat, severe dizziness, fainting, or vision changes. If experiencing symptoms such as seizures or extreme mood changes, seek immediate medical attention.

Special Populations Considerations

Assessments should be made for certain populations including pregnant or breastfeeding women, elderly patients, and those with hepatic or renal impairment. Dosage adjustments might be necessary based on individual health status and physiological conditions.

Withdrawal and Discontinuation

Abrupt discontinuation of Celexa can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as irritability, dizziness, sensory disturbances, and flu-like symptoms. Gradual dose reduction under medical supervision is recommended to minimize withdrawal effects.

Storage and Handling

Store Celexa at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children and pets.

Monitoring and Follow-Up

Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor the efficacy and any side effects of Celexa. Blood tests may be ordered by the healthcare provider to assess the patient’s response to the medication.

Patient Counseling Points

Counsel patients on the importance of adherence to the prescribed dosing schedule. Educate them on recognizing signs of serious side effects and what steps to take if they occur. Discuss lifestyle changes that can complement treatment, such as diet, exercise, and therapy.

Contraindications

Celexa is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to citalopram or any of the inactive ingredients in the tablet. It should not be used concomitantly with MAO inhibitors or within 14 days of discontinuing such treatment.

Mechanism of Action

Citalopram prevents the reuptake of serotonin into serotonergic nerve endings. By blocking the serotonin transporter, it increases serotonin availability in the synaptic cleft, thus enhancing serotonergic activity in the central nervous system.

Pharmacokinetics

The half-life of Celexa is approximately 35 hours. It is metabolized in the liver via cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, primarily CYP2C19, CYP3A4, and CYP2D6. Less than 20% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine.

Introduction Forms

Celexa is available in tablet form in various strengths, including 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg doses. Each tablet is film-coated and intended for oral administration only.

Patient Informed Consent

Prior to initiating treatment with Celexa, obtain informed consent detailing the benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternative treatment options. This ensures patient understanding and agreement to the proposed therapy.