Medication Name

Tetracycline

Brand Names

Achromycin, Tetracyn, Sumycin

Drug Class

Tetracyclines Antibiotics

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing the addition of amino acids to the growing peptide chain.

Indications

Prescribed for respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections including chlamydia and syphilis.

Dosage Forms

Available as tablets, capsules, topical ointments, and oral suspensions.

Standard Dosage

Typical adult dose is 250mg to 500mg every 6 hours. Children’s dosage varies based on body weight.

Administration Guidelines

Take on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Do not take with dairy products, iron supplements, or antacids.

Tablet Instructions

Swallow whole with a full glass of water. Do not crush or chew.

Capsule Instructions

Swallow whole, do not open or sprinkle contents. Take with a full glass of water.

Topical Applications

Apply a thin layer to the affected area as prescribed. Avoid covering with occlusive dressing unless directed by healthcare provider.

Oral Suspension Use

Shake well before use. Measure with a dosing spoon or oral syringe for accuracy. Rinse mouth after each dose to prevent esophageal irritation.

Common Side Effects

Include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, photosensitivity, and pigmentation of teeth if used in young children.

Severe Side Effects

Rare but may include hepatotoxicity, hypersensitivity reactions, and pseudotumor cerebri.

Drug Interactions

May interact with anticoagulants, penicillins, and retinoids like isotretinoin. Separate intake from antacids, calcium, magnesium, and iron supplements by at least 2 hours.

Storage Conditions

Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Missed Dose Guidance

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is close to the next scheduled dose. Do not double doses.

Overdose Management

Seek emergency medical attention. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and severe abdominal cramps.

Contraindications

Not recommended for children under 8 years, pregnant or breastfeeding women except under special circumstances assessed by a healthcare provider.

Monitoring Parameters

Monitor liver function tests, renal function tests, and complete blood count (CBC) with prolonged therapy.

Pediatric Use

Use with extreme caution. Risk of permanent teeth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia.

Geriatric Use

No specific age-related contraindications, but dose adjustments may be necessary due to potential decline in renal function.

Renal Impairment

Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment to avoid accumulation and toxicity.

Hepatic Impairment

Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment. Monitor liver function during prolonged therapy.

Pregnancy Category

Classified as Category D: Positive evidence of human fetal risk. Benefits may warrant use despite potential risks in serious situations.

Breastfeeding Warnings

Excreted in breast milk. Potential effects on nursing infant should be considered, including disruption of gut flora and teeth discoloration.

Alcohol Interaction

Alcohol may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects. Advise patients to limit or avoid alcohol intake while taking tetracycline.

Dietary Recommendations

Avoid taking with dairy products. Maintain sufficient hydration to minimize esophageal irritation.

Disposal Instructions

Dispose of unused medication according to local regulations. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain.

Manufacturer Information

Vary by brand; always consult specific product’s packaging or insert for detailed manufacturer data.