Medication Guide for Stromectol

Active Ingredient

Stromectol contains ivermectin as its active ingredient. Ivermectin is an anti-parasitic agent used in the treatment of various parasitic infections. It functions by disrupting the muscle and nerve functions of parasites.

Dosage Information

Stromectol is typically administered as a single dose. The exact dosage is weight-based, generally calculated as 200 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. Healthcare providers will determine the precise dosage. For some infections, additional doses may be necessary depending on the clinical response.

Administration Guidelines

Stromectol should be taken with a full glass of water. It is commonly recommended to take it on an empty stomach, either one hour before a meal or two hours after a meal. Crushing or chewing the tablets is not advised.

Storage Conditions

Store Stromectol tablets at room temperature. Protect from light and moisture. Keep the medication in its original packaging until the time of use to maintain its integrity. Ensure it is stored out of reach of children and pets.

Missed Dose Protocol

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. However, if it is close to the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not take an additional dose to make up for the missed one. Return to the regular dosing schedule.

Mechanism of Action

Ivermectin works by binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerve and muscle cells of invertebrates. This action results in an influx of chloride ions, leading to hyperpolarization and subsequent paralysis and death of the parasite.

Indications for Use

Stromectol is used for treating various parasitic infections including onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, and certain types of scabies. It is also employed in the treatment of infections caused by other parasites as determined by the healthcare provider.

Common Side Effects

Common side effects of Stromectol include dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, and abdominal pain. These side effects are usually mild and temporary. Persistent or severe adverse effects require medical attention.

Drug Interactions

Stromectol may interact with warfarin, resulting in altered blood clotting times. It can also interact with other medications that affect the liver enzymes responsible for metabolizing ivermectin, such as certain antifungal and anti-seizure medications. Disclose all current medications to the healthcare provider.

Contraindications

Stromectol is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to ivermectin or any of the excipients. It is also contraindicated in patients with certain central nervous system conditions, as well as those with severe hepatic impairment.

Renal and Hepatic Considerations

Patients with renal impairment do not generally need dosage adjustments. In contrast, those with hepatic impairment might require careful monitoring and potentially altered dosages due to metabolism concerns. Liver function tests should be considered.

Pregnancy and Lactation

Stromectol is classified as category C for use during pregnancy, indicating that risk cannot be ruled out. It should only be used if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare provider. Ivermectin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised and breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Pediatric Use

Stromectol can be used in children who weigh at least 15 kg. Dosage in pediatric patients follows the same weight-based guidelines as in adults. The healthcare provider will determine the specific dosage for pediatric patients.

Geriatric Use

Geriatric patients can use Stromectol, though caution is advised due to potential for reduced hepatic, renal, or cardiac function. Close monitoring is recommended to ensure efficacy and minimize adverse effects.

Monitoring and Follow-up

Periodic monitoring of parasitic infection symptoms and laboratory tests may be required to assess the effectiveness and safety of Stromectol. Follow-up appointments ensure proper management and adjustment of treatment as necessary.

Pharmacokinetics

Ivermectin is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 4 hours after ingestion. It undergoes hepatic metabolism and is excreted primarily in the feces, with a minimal amount excreted in the urine.

Brand and Generic Names

Stromectol is the brand name for the drug ivermectin. It may also be available under generic names or other brand names depending on the country and manufacturer.

Formulation and Packaging

Stromectol is available in tablet form, usually in strengths of 3 mg. The tablets are typically packaged in blister packs or bottles to ensure protection from environmental factors.

Clinical Pharmacology

Stromectol exhibits high efficacy against a range of parasitic infections due to its ability to disrupt helminthic and ectoparasitic physiology. Its selective action on the glutamate-gated chloride channels allows for targeted parasite elimination while sparing human cells.

Off-Label Uses

In some cases, Stromectol may be used off-label for conditions not explicitly listed in the approved indications. This should only be done under strict medical supervision. Examples might include certain viral infections, though these practices are subject to ongoing research and regulatory scrutiny.

Patient Counseling Information

Patients should be informed about the importance of adherence to dosing schedules and follow-up appointments. They should also be educated on recognizing and reporting adverse effects. Proper storage and handling instructions should be provided.

Molecular Structure

Ivermectin’s molecular structure comprises a macrocyclic lactone derived from the soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. It features a complex ring system that facilitates its binding to specific parasitic receptors.

Impact on Public Health

The widespread use of Stromectol has significantly reduced the prevalence of various parasitic infections globally. It plays a crucial role in international public health initiatives aiming to control onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis.

Place in Therapy

Stromectol holds a vital position in antiparasitic therapy. Its efficacy, safety profile, and global availability make it a mainstay treatment for parasitic diseases, often included in mass drug administration programs.

Precautions for Storage

Store at a temperature not exceeding 30°C. Protect from light and moisture, and keep in a tightly closed container. Do not use beyond the expiration date indicated on the packaging.

Regulatory Status

Stromectol is approved by various health authorities including the U.S. FDA and EMA for specific parasitic infections. Regulatory approval should be checked per country for exact indications and guidelines.