Buy Topamax Online
Topamax, also known by its generic name topiramate, is a medication primarily used to prevent seizures and migraines. It contains the active ingredient topiramate. Other common names for this medication include Topiragen and Trokendi XR. It helps calm overactive nerves in the brain.
The general pricing of Topamax is in the range of £1.48 – £3.98 for each pills. The amount and type of active ingredients (30 or 270 mg) determine its exact cost.
Topamax (generic name: topiramate) is an anticonvulsant medication. It is utilized in the treatment of epilepsy and the prevention of migraines. Topamax works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain, which helps prevent seizures and reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines.
Topamax inhibits voltage-dependent sodium channels, which reduces the rate of repetitive neuronal firing. It enhances the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at specific GABA-A receptors, increasing chloride ion influx and resulting in hyperpolarization. Additionally, Topamax antagonizes kainate at the AMPA/kainate subtype of the glutamate receptor, further reducing excitatory neurotransmission. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes, particularly CA-II and CA-IV.
Topamax is available in tablet form and as sprinkle capsules. Tablets are available in doses of 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg. Sprinkle capsules are available in doses of 15 mg and 25 mg. Both formulations offer flexibility in dosing to meet individual patient needs.
Topamax is indicated for use in patients with epilepsy, both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy. It is effective in the treatment of partial onset seizures, primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Additionally, Topamax is prescribed for the prevention of migraine headaches.
The initial dose for epilepsy in adult patients varies from 25 mg to 50 mg per day, gradually titrated up. The maintenance dose ranges from 100 mg to 400 mg per day, divided into two doses. For migraine prevention, the recommended dosage begins at 25 mg per day and the maintenance dose is 100 mg per day, given in divided doses.
Topamax tablets should be swallowed whole with plenty of fluids to prevent kidney stone formation. Sprinkle capsules can be swallowed intact or opened and sprinkled on a small amount of soft food. The mixture should be consumed immediately without chewing. Topamax can be taken with or without food, as directed by the healthcare provider.
Topamax is rapidly absorbed, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 2 to 4 hours after oral administration. It has a bioavailability rate of approximately 80%. Topamax is minimally bound to plasma proteins, about 13-17%. The drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. The half-life of Topamax is approximately 21 hours, allowing for twice-daily dosing.
In elderly patients, pharmacokinetic properties of Topamax do not differ significantly from those in younger adults. However, renal function should be monitored as Topamax is mainly excreted unchanged by the kidneys. In pediatric patients, doses should be adjusted based on weight and clinical response. Topamax is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment or those undergoing hemodialysis.
Topamax may interact with other CNS depressants, increasing sedation and drowsiness. It may decrease the efficacy of oral contraceptives. The drug can alter the plasma levels of other antiepileptic drugs such as phenytoin and valproate. Topamax may enhance the effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, increasing the risk of metabolic acidosis. Concurrent administration with alcohol may increase adverse effects.
Topamax is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to topiramate or any of its inactive ingredients. It should not be used in patients with a history of kidney stones or metabolic acidosis without careful risk assessment. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should discuss potential risks with their healthcare provider before starting Topamax.
Common adverse reactions include paresthesia, fatigue, dizziness, weight loss, and cognitive dysfunction. Patients may also experience mood changes, such as depression and anxiety. Less frequent side effects include visual disturbances, such as diplopia and nystagmus. Severe but rare adverse reactions include acute myopia and secondary angle-closure glaucoma.
Serum bicarbonate levels should be monitored periodically to detect metabolic acidosis. Renal function tests are recommended prior to initiation and during treatment. Regular ophthalmologic exams should be conducted to monitor for potential ocular side effects. Patients should be monitored for psychiatric symptoms, including depression and suicidal ideation.
Topamax should be stored at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Protect the medication from moisture and light. Keep the tablets and capsules in their original container with the lid tightly closed. Do not store in places with high humidity, such as bathrooms.
Topamax should be dispensed in a properly labeled container with child-resistant closure. Pharmacists should ensure that patients receive the appropriate formulation and strength as prescribed. Provide patients with a Medication Guide outlining important information and administration instructions. Counsel patients on adherence to the dosing regimen and potential side effects.
Topamax is classified under the pharmacological class of anticonvulsants. Its unique mechanism of action involves multiple pathways, differentiating it from other anticonvulsants. This broad-spectrum antiepileptic activity makes Topamax effective in treating various seizure types.
| Dosage | 100mg, 200mg |
|---|---|
| Active ingredient | |
| Pack | 120 pills, 180 pills, 270 pills, 30 pills, 60 pills, 90 pills |
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